How Efficient are Engines: Thermodynamics and Combustion Efficiency

How efficient are engines? Combustion engines are stupefyingly inefficient. Most diesel engines do not even have a thermal efficiency of 50%. And, gasoline-powered vehicles are even more inefficient, considerably.

The scope for improving the efficiency and environmental impact of internal combustion engines - ScienceDirect

Lund Team Shows 57% Thermodynamic Efficiency in a Gasoline-Fueled Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine Using PPC - Green Car Congress

Response to the Comments: Fuel Efficiency of Internal Combustion Engines

Thermodynamics

6.2: Engines and Thermal Efficiency - Physics LibreTexts

Heat Engines

Engine Thermal Efficiency - an overview

Examples of the First Law of Thermodynamics, or the Conservation of Energy Law.

Heat Engines, Thermal Efficiency, & Energy Flow Diagrams - Thermodynamics & Physics Problems